Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures
CVE stands for Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures, which is a database of software vulnerabilities maintained for years. This can be identified as a dictionary or a catalog of vulnerabilities that can be referred by the organizations and improve their security. This can be accessed using https://cve.mitre.org/. Initially, this was launched by MITRE, a research center operated by the government of the US. Several other security-related government bodies sponsor to maintain this database because this has extensive importance. Vulnerabilities are assigned numbers known as CVE IDs in this database, which serve as a reliable way of distinguishing one security flaw from another.
The assignment of CVE IDs is the responsibility of a CVE Numbering Authority (CNA). There are approximately 100 CNAs who represent major IT vendors, security firms, and research organizations. MITRE may also issue CVEs directly.
For example; The below CVE ID has been assigned by Fortinet who is a CNA.
CVE-2022-40684
This is a vulnerability raised by Fortinet and it shows a brief description of the vulnerability, the vendor side details, and available fixes and references for this vulnerability. Furthermore, it directs to the NATIONAL VULNERABILITY DATABASE(NVD) of NIST (https://www.nist.gov/) which is a USA government repository of standards-based vulnerability information.
What CVE Provides ?
CVE system provides a centralized platform for organizations to manage and prioritize security vulnerabilities. By utilizing CVE, organizations can assess the severity of vulnerabilities, monitor their cybersecurity posture over time, and implement appropriate mitigation strategies to ensure the highest level of security. The use of CVE enables organizations to operate with a heightened state of security awareness and readiness.
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